1. The risks to children from child sexual abuse and exploitation are evolving. These challenges may be entirely new and arise, for example, as a result of technological advances. Alternatively, they may arise as a result of developments in how society understands and responds to a particular risk. Institutions and leaders must recognise developing challenges and ensure that their responses are capable of rapid adaptation to the evolving nature of the threat.

2. The Inquiry considers that emerging technologies and the globalised nature of child sexual abuse are key aspects of the future challenges to protect children properly. It is critical that statutory agencies, the institutions which interact with children and the online safety regulator are better able to anticipate and respond to risks.